656 documents
Following the implementation of EU ECSP regulations and domestic legislation in 2022, market consolidation left 1 equity crowdfunding provider and 3 debt platforms operating in Poland.
The number of registered self-employed individuals in Russia reached 15.9 million as of 28.02.2026, representing over 20.8% of the economically active population.
Regulation (EU) 2020/1503 (RPFP) sets a threshold excluding equity crowdfunding offers above 5,000,000 EUR from its standardized framework
72% of respondents are optimistic about the Australian economy over the next 12 months, up from 67% in the previous survey.
The EU faces an annual investment gap of €750-800 billion to boost productivity, support the digital transition, and meet climate goals.
Digital transformation over the last decade has driven the shift toward crowd models, as highlighted in issue 12 (253) of Economic Sciences.
As of August 2025, the Capital Markets Board of Türkiye has officially licensed 18 equity-based crowdfunding platforms.
In Indonesia, individual investors with an annual income below Rp500.000.000 face a maximum investment cap of 5% of their annual earnings under POJK 57/2020.
The development of smart enterprises in Ukraine is hindered by high transaction costs and informational asymmetry rather than solely low labor costs.
The quantitative study surveyed 532 active private CFP investors, 1027 potential investors, and 1004 non-investors in Russia in 2025.
The share of SMEs in GDP in Kazakhstan increased from 28.4% in 2018 to 36.5% in 2023, employing 4.3 million people across 2.2 million registered entities.
The Financial Conduct Authority spent £14m on its InvestSmart campaign to promote positive investing principles.
As of September 30, 2025, the federal banking agencies identified no material differences among accounting standards applicable to insured depository institutions.
In 2024, the Swiss financial sector directly generated a gross value added of CHF 73.2 Mrd. and supported 245’800 jobs (FTE).
Investment firms with total consolidated assets of €30 billion or more are categorized as credit institutions under Article 4 of Regulation (EU) No 575/2013.
Over 1 billion people currently live in Fragile and Conflict-Affected States, where payment ecosystem disruptions present severe risks to economic stability.
Over 90 percent of surveyed central banks are engaged in some form of CBDC work, with more than half involved in experiments or pilot projects.
The note categorizes single-ledger arrangements into 4 operating models: integration, distribution, separation, and permissionless.
A total of eight G20 members achieved the highest 5/5 rating for direct access of non-bank payment service providers in 2025, including Brazil, China, Indonesia, Mexico, the Republic of Korea, Türkiye, the United Kingdom, and the European Union.
A total of 8 G20 members achieved the maximum 5/5 direct access rating for non-bank payment service providers in 2025.
Eight G20 members achieved the highest score of 5/5 for direct access of non-bank payment service providers (NBPSPs) in 2025.
The United Kingdom was the only market to achieve a 5/5 rating for price transparency following FCA guidance published in May 2025.
Eight G20 members achieved the highest rating of 5/5 for direct access of non-bank payment service providers in 2025.
Research by Consumers International indicates that 57% of consumer bodies cite a lack of fee transparency as a primary reason behind consumer distrust in digital finance.
Eight G20 members achieved the maximum score of 5/5 for direct access for non-bank payment service providers in 2025.
Canadian consumers are projected to lose $1.2 billion (C$1.7 billion) in 2025 due to hidden foreign exchange markups.
Eight G20 members achieved the full 5/5 direct access rating for non-bank payment service providers (NBPSPs) in 2025.
A total of 8 G20 members achieved the highest 5/5 rating for direct access of non-bank payment service providers (NBPSPs) in 2025.
A total of 8 G20 members achieved the highest score of 5/5 for direct access of non-bank payment service providers in 2025.
Türkiye maintained a direct access rating of 5/5 in 2025, permitting non-bank payment service providers (NBPSPs) to access domestic payment systems.
